@conference {40207,
	title = {How does the F gene influence ovulation rates in booroola ewes? A 1990 perspective},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {50},
	year = {1990},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {135-140},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Currently most transgenic animals are produced by microinjecting   DNA into a pronucleus of in vivo derived embryos. This is an   inefficient procedure because of the costs of animals, superovulation   and surgery, the low numbers of embryos produced, and their poor   viability after injection. Thus, in most well run programmes, only   about 10\% of injected sheep, pig and cattle embryos result in offspring   and only 0.5 to 1\% in transgenic offspring. Methods for improving the   efficiency are discussed and it is concluded that effective in   vitro maturation (IVM), fertilisation (IVF) and culture techniques   and alternative methods of gene insertion (particularly through stem   cells or sperm - mediated insertion) would make significant   contributions to improved results. Ruakura{\textquoteright}s successful sheep and   cattle in vitro oocyte maturation, fertilisation and culture   programme and its results are discussed. Recent developments in MOET   techniques are discussed and it is concluded that, in the short term, it   is possible that more effective multiplication of transgenics could   arise from successful IVM/IVF and nuclear transplantation procedures   than from significant improvements in current MOET technology. The   in vitro produced egg therefore has considerable potential for   increasing the efficiency of producing and multiplying transgenics.    },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {McNatty KP and Henderson KM and Fleming JS and Price CA and Clarke IJ}
}
