@conference {40815,
	title = {Growth and carcass characteristics of lambs sired by Texel, Oxford Down and Suffolk rams},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {201-204},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Three hundred and twelve lambs (160 ram, 152 ewe) sired by Texel (n  = 118), Oxford Down (n = 94) and Suffolk (n = 100) rams and out of  Romney ewes were grazed at Poukawa Research Station, Hastings, to  evaluate comparative growth characteristics and carcass composition.  Lambs were sourced from a range of commercial properties and sires.  Representative samples from each breed and sex were slaughtered after 84,  112 and 145 days on trial. Fasted liveweight gain were significantly (P<0.001) higher for Suffolk-cross  (107 g/d) and Oxford Down-cross (101 g/d) lambs than for Texel-cross  lambs (84 g/d). At a constant hot carcass weight (HCW) of 19.2 kg, Texel-cross lambs had a  significantly (P<0.01) lower GR (mean 12.0 mm) than Suffolk-cross (14.1  mm) and Oxford Down-cross (13.3 mm) lambs.  Carcasses were boned to a commercial specification which maximised the  removal of bone and fat. At a carcass weight (CW) of 19.2 kg Texel-cross  lambs had a significantly (P<0.001) higher saleable meat yield (SMY; 647  g/kg CW) than Suffolk-cross (634 g/kg) and Oxford Down-cross (629 g/kg)  lambs. Texel-cross and Oxford Down-cross lambs had a higher proportion  of the SMY in high value cuts (HVC) than Suffolk-cross lambs. At a CW of  19.2 kg Suffolk-cross lambs (395 g HVC/kg SMY) had a lower yield than  Texel-cross (402 g/kg; P<0.001) and Oxford Down-cross (400 g/kg; P<0.05)  lambs. There was no breed by sex interaction, but ewe lambs yielded a  significantly higher proportion of HVC in their SMY (402 v 396 g/kg for  ewe and ram lambs respectively, P<0.001). At a CW of 19.2 kg eye muscle area was significantly higher (P<0.001) for  Texel-cross lambs (13.5 cm2) than for Suffolk-cross and Oxford Down- cross (both 12.7 cm2) lambs, with no sex differences.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Cruickshank GJ and Muir PD and MacLean KS and Goodger TM and Hickson C}
}
@conference {40385,
	title = {A comparison of grain and pasture finishing of heavyweight cattle},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {93-96},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Data for the years 1986 to 1990 from the "Kamo" out-of-season  lambing flock were subjected to analyses to determine the genetic  variation for lambing date. The response variate was date of lambing  (provided the ewe had a chance to mate for an autumn lambing) and this  was transformed to an underlying normal scale by treating it as an  ordered categorical response. Restricted maximum likelihood (REML)  analyses were performed using an animal model. Year of record and age  of ewe were included as fixed effects. There were 870 ewes having a  total of 1967 lambing records. The estimate of heritability for  standardised lambing data was 0.23 and repeatability 0.36 while the  heritability for litter size was 0.03. Preliminary multivariate  analysis indicated that the genetic correlation between standardised  lambing date and litter size to be 0.09.   At the time of disbanding of the flock samples of ewes selected on the  phenotypic response (i.e. number of times lambed in autumn) of the ewe  or of her dam, were brought to Ruakura. In 1991 following a best linear  unbiased prediction (BLUP) analyses these were assigned to Autumn and  Spring lambing flocks on the basis of their breeding value (BV) for  standardised date of lambing. The average BV for the Autumn flock was -  0.13 while that for spring was +0.07 and there was a 26 day difference  in mean lambing date (167 vs 193).  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Muir PD and Cruickshank GJ and Smith NB and MacLean KS and Wallace GJ}
}
@conference {40424,
	title = {Effects of grazing pressure and competition on growth rate of Merino and Romney lambs},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {247-250},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The effect of nutritional management of Angora goats on fibre  production and fibre quality was investigated over two years. After  shearing in August, does were fed either maintenance (MPA) or ad  libitum (HPA ryegrass/white clover pasture (approximately 1.0 kg and  >4kg DM/head/day respectively). In October half the does were removed  from each allowance group and introduced into the alternate allowance  group. This was repeated in early February, allowance groups being  balanced for their previous allowance history. Fleece weights were  recorded at shearing in February and August. Fibre diameter,  medullation and kemp levels were measured at shearing in February and  August and also in October and May. Doe live weights were recorded  monthly and when fleece measurements were made. After one year of  measurements, does were completely randomised onto new pasture  allowances and the experiment was repeated.   Nutritional treatments generated liveweight differences between HPA and  MPA does throughout the year (P<0.05). February fleece weights were  similar in both HPA and MPA groups in 1990 (1.73 vs 1.67; s.e.d 0.067 kg  for HPA vs MPA respectively) and in 1991 (1.43 vs 1.41; s.e.d 0.060 kg  for HPA vs MPA respectively) though approximately 25\% lower than in  1990. August fleece weights were similar in 1990 and 1991 but were  approximately 20\% higher in HPA does than in MPA does (1.46 vs 1.26;  s.e.d 0.051 kg for HPA vs MPA respectively in 1990 and 1.49 vs 1.20;  s.e.d 0.040 kg for HPA vs MPA respectively in 1991). Increased August  fleece weight was associated with increased fibre diameter (34.9 vs  32.7; s.e.d 0.52 },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Muir PD and Cruickshank GJ and Wallace GJ and MacLean KS and Smith NB}
}
@conference {40422,
	title = {Slimming diets for overfat lambs},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {52},
	year = {1992},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {241-242},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Wool staple strength was determined in 2120 Romney ewes from 12  sources and 242 Romney rams from 3 sources between 1986 and 1988.  Positive, negative and random selection formed High Strength, Low  Strength and Control lines, each with 80 ewes and 10 sires. Since 1989  ewe and ram replacements have been selected from within the lines and  the number of breeding ewes per line increased to 100.   Staple strength was 25\% greater in the High Strength line and 15\% lower  in the Low Strength line than in the Control line when fleeces of  hoggets born in the selection lines from 1986 to 1989 were compared  (P<0.01). Positively correlated with the staple strength response were  responses in staple length, fibre diameter, clean fleece weight and  fibre length after carding. The major effect to date of selection for  increased staple strength has been to enhance wool growth, with the  consequent increase in fibre diameter contributing to the improvement in  staple strength. The increase in both the strength and length of  staples will have contributed to the increase in fibre length after  carding. These preliminary results demonstrate that direct selection  for staple strength has been successful. The staple strength response  and associated responses in wool production and wool characteristics  were of benefit to both producers and processors.  },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Cruickshank GJ and Muir PD and MacLean KS}
}
@conference {40100,
	title = {Advancement of the breeding season in Coopworth ewes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {48},
	year = {1988},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {103-108},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {In 1986 the ovulation rates of 21 Romney ewes selected for facial eczema (FE) resistance (R) and 27 selected for FE susceptibility (S) were recorded on day 5 of the cycle following synchronisation of oestrus with controlled internal drug releasers (CIDR) at the end of April. The ewes were then all dosed daily with 10ml of slurry of a culture of Fasarium containing 6mg zearalenone for 10 d. The ewes were re-examined for post-treatment ovulation rate. The resistant ewes had a higher ovulation rate pre-treatment than did the susceptible ewes (R=1.90 and S=1.50). Both groups showed a decline in ovulation rate after zearalenone treatment (R=1.35 and S=1.22). In 1987 Romney ewes from 4 FE resistance selection flocks (Model resistant (MR) n=148; Model control (MC), n=105; Resistant (R), n=110 and Susceptible (S), n=73) were examined by laparoscopy at the beginning of April. The ovulation rates were higher in the resistant flocks (MR = 1.73; MC = 1.55; R = 1.55; R = 1.42 and S = 1.29). These data indicate that the higher reproductive performance of FE resistant ewes could in part be due to their higher ovulation rates but that resistance to FE confers no protection against the effects of zearalenone.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Smith JF and McGowan LT and Knight TW and MacLean KS}
}
@conference {40075,
	title = {The effect of steroid immunisation on the seasonal pattern of oestrus, ovulation and ovulation rate in Coopworth ewes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {47},
	year = {1987},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {143-146},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Significant numbers of livestock in New Zealand are now grazed on the understorey of Pinus radiata. Fresh foliage of radiata pine contains aromatic monoterpenes and decaying needles resin acids. As livestock grazed under trees are know to eat both fresh and decaying pine needles, a study was made to find out if the meat quality characteristics of lambs grazed under P. radiata were affected. Groups of Romney wether lambs were grazed for 49 d under P. radiata at 100 and 200 stems/ha and on open pasture (no trees). In addition, 2 groups were stall fed for 21 d with 23 and 21\% of their intake as fresh or decaying pine needles respectively. All the lambs were slaughtered on the same day. Meat samples from each were subjected to a range of meat quality tests. Meat from the lambs grazed under the trees, or consuming fresh or decaying needles had slightly different colour and muscle pH levels, but there were no significant effects on its flavour, aroma, texture, juiciness or tenderness. It was concluded that there are no meat taints associated with lambs grazed under radiata pine.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Smith JF and McGowan LT and MacLean KS and Farquhar PA}
}
@conference {40035,
	title = {The cause of reproductive loss in Gisborne-East Coast ewe flocks},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {46},
	year = {1986},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {251-254},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The relationship between lamb growth rate and ewe milk yield was examined using 213 ewe-lamb sets in 6 experiments. Factors included ewe breed, lamb rearing status, herbage allowance, lambing date and season. Lamb growth and ewe milk production were greater for twin- than single- lamb groups, for Dorset than Romney ewe breeds and for late than early lambing dates. Ewe live weight showed the reverse trend. Regression parameters indicated lamb growth rate was generally more dependent on milk supply during the first 6 than during 12 weeks of lactation. The exception was Romney ewes with low milk production rearing twin lambs. Comparisons among groups of regression coefficients and nominal ordinates (i.e. growth rate at low milk yield) showed that twin lambs were proportionately more dependent on pasture for growth than singles as were lambs reared by Romney compared with Dorset ewes. Similarly, a high herbage allowance, good seasonal pasture growth and a late lambing date caused a greater contribution of pasture to lamb growth. However, among groups there was much variability in the relationship and generally lamb live-weight gain was a poor indicating of ewe milk yield (approx. r},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Jagusch KT and Gray MM and MacLean KS and Towers NR and di Menna ME and McMillan WH}
}
@conference {39972,
	title = {Effect of ewe live weight on the level of response to steroid immunisation},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {45},
	year = {1985},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {184-187},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Immunisation has implications for genetic improvement programmes by influencing the intensity of selection, the amount and nature of genetic variation able to be exploited by selection, the accuracy of the selection process or by adding flexibility to animal husbandry that might otherwise be the objective of dynamic crossbreeding strategies. Since immunisation changes the reproductive rate of a flock there are consequential effects on the intensity of selection that is possible. Improving the effective lambing percentage from 120\% to 140\% can increase the intensity of selection of female replacements by about 19\%. The improvement is less on the male side, the combined effect on genetic improvement in a ram-breeding flock of 400 ewes being about 6\%. Alteration to the balance of physiological events may even serve to display genetic variation not otherwise available for selection. Good evidence is available that natural ovulation rate is a useful selection criterion for improvement in lamb production, but there is no direct evidence on the value of selection following immunisation of ewes to steroid hormones controlling reproduction. Indirect evidence for sheep that litter size responses to immunisation are essentially additive with respect to the effects of age of ewe, flushing treatment, breed and strain differences, suggests no major antagonisms with natural ovulation rate. Indirect evidence from mice is not so comforting - Land and Falconer{\textquoteright}s selection experiment for natural and PMS-induced ovulation rate gave an estimate of only 0.33 for the genetic correlation between these two traits, suggesting that they were largely independent genetically. Regardless of the true genetic situation for sheep it seems important that recording programmes recognise and adjust for the different distributions of ovulation rate and litter size under natural v immunised circumstances.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Smith JF and MacLean KS and McGowan LT and Potts IR}
}
@conference {39907,
	title = {Live-weight gains of lambs on limed and unlimed pasture at similar levels of nutrition},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {44},
	year = {1984},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {163-166},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {No abstract supplied},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {O{\textquoteright}Connor MB and Jagusch KT and MacLean KS and Edmeades DC}
}
@conference {39920,
	title = {Relationship of subcutaneous fat depth and weight changes induced by stocking rate of 4 lines of lambs},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {44},
	year = {1984},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {215-218},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Live weights, carcass weights and GR measurements from 566 Coopworth lambs were used to retrospectively establish criteria that would have directed carcass production away from discounted grades into those receiving premium payments. Greatest financial returns would have been achieved by slaughtering lambs when they approached fatness limits, before penalties applied. When live weights were the only means of selection, returns were greater at weights that resulted in production of some carcasses penalised for fatness and/or heavy weights than at weights that avoided discounted grades.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Bennett GL and Clarke JN and Rattray PV and MacLean KS}
}
@conference {39874,
	title = {Reproductive performance of ewe offspring from ewes immunised against steroid hormones},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {44},
	year = {1984},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {25-28},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The pattern of ovarian follicular development in Booroola x Romney ewes (6-7 y) with an ovulation-rate >/-3 (F+ ewes) differed from that in Booroola x Romney ewes (6-7 y) with an ovulation-rate <3 (++). The difference was not due to variations in the number of ovarian follicles (>/-1 mm diameter) or in the proportion of healthy follicles which were similar for both genotypes. It arose because follicles in F+ ewes produced oestradiol and reached maturity at a smaller diameter than in ++ ewes. During a prostaglandin induced follicle phase, the secretion rate of oestradiol from ovaries with 3 presumptive preovulatory follicles in F+ ewes was similar to that from ovaries with only 1 such follicle in ++ ewes. Moreover, the total number of granulosa cells (i.e. the oestrogen-secreting cells) in 3 preovulatory follicles from F+ ewes was similar to that in 1 such follicle in ++ ewes. In F+ ewes, the presumptive preovulatory follicles reached 4.6 },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Smith JF and MacLean KS and McGowan LT and Potts IR}
}
@conference {39801,
	title = {The effect of Mefluidide on pasture and animal performance},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {42},
	year = {1982},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {169-172},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {With high quality herbage from irrigated Nui ryegrass and Huia white clover pastures, supplemented with Matua prairie grass pasture, realised herbage allowances were considerably lower than current recommendations. Allowances were calculated from herbage on offer in a 10-paddock rotational grazed system, with no adjustment being made for herbage grown during the grazing period, and with grazing always to a residue of less than 300 kg DM/ha. An allowance of 1.7 kg DM/ewe/d at flushing provided for a live-weight gain of 3.3 kg over a 6 week period, an allowance of 2.35 kg DM/ewe/d during 90 days lactation supported twin lambs at a growth rate of 230 g/d; an allowance of 1.32 kg DM/d for weaned lambs supported a growth rate of 129 g/d during summer. These results were achieved in self-contained farmlets, with annual herbage production of 14 500 kg DM/ha, stocked with high fertility Coopworth ewes at 22/ha, and calculated to yield 670 kg lamb meat/ha (193\% lambs surviving to sale at 33.0 kg live weight). Feed efficiency in this system reflects full utilisation of available herbage, thus never allowing dead material or seed heads to build up in the pasture.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Goold GJ and Jagusch KT and Farquhar P and MacLean KS}
}
@conference {39804,
	title = {Influence of feeding post-lambing on ewe and lamb performance at grazing},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {42},
	year = {1982},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {179-182},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {No abstract supplied},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Rattray PV and Jagusch KT and Duganzich DM and MacLean KS and Lynch RJ}
}
@conference {39755,
	title = {Level of nutrition of the ewe and lamb survival},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {42},
	year = {1982},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {13-14},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {No abstract supplied},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Johnson DL and Clarke JN and MacLean KS and Cox EH and Amyes NC and Rattray PV}
}
@conference {39731,
	title = {Effects of genotype, liveweight, pasture type and feeding level on ovulation responses in ewes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {41},
	year = {1981},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {174-182},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Rattray PV and Jagusch KT and Smith JF and Winn GW and MacLean KS}
}
@conference {39657,
	title = {Flushing responses from heavy and light ewes - Brief Communication},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {40},
	year = {1980},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {34-37},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Rattray PV and Jagusch KT and Smith JF and Winn GW and MacLean KS}
}
@conference {39597,
	title = {The dynamics of pasture production under sheep},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {38},
	year = {1978},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {129-138},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Jagusch KT and Rattray PV and MacLean KS and Joyce JP}
}
@conference {39519,
	title = {The effect of level of nutrition on the productivity of sheep of different genetic origin},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {36},
	year = {1976},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {170-178},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Joyce JP and Clarke JN and MacLean KS and Lynch RJ and Cox EH}
}
@conference {39294,
	title = {The feed intake of Friesian dairy beef animals},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {30},
	year = {1970},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {32-40},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {MacLean KS and Joyce JP and Rattray PV}
}
