@conference {79029,
	title = {Host-defence related bioactive proteins in cows{\textquoteright} milk during mastitis and after drying-off},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {72},
	year = {2012},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {240-242},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Christchurch},
	abstract = {Besides the caseins and major whey proteins, cows{\textquoteright} milk contains a wide range of less abundant proteins that have functions associated with host defence, and are thought to play a role in protection against microbial infections (Stelwagen et al. 2009; Wheeler et al. 2007). Microarray analysis has shown that complex changes in gene expression occur in the bovine mammary gland in response to drying-off, including up-regulation of host-defence associated genes (Singh et al. 2008). The abundance of at least some proteins encoded by these genes can be altered in response to milking frequency and at different stages of the lactation cycle.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Backmann EC and Hine BC and Broadhurst and Kim K and Smolenski GA and Stelwagen K and Wheeler TT}
}
@conference {69513,
	title = {Cathelicidin levels in milk from cows infected with a range of mastitis causing pathogens},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {243-245},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the udder that is highly prevalent in cows on New Zealand dairy farms. It results in reduced production, increased treatment costs and lower profitability (Petrovski et al.,2006). An elevated somatic cell count (SCC) in the milk, mainly due to recruitment of immune cells to the site of infection, is the most widely accepted standard for diagnosis of subclinical infection whereas bacteriological culturing is typically used for identification of the causative pathogen from clinical cases (Moyes et al.,2009; Schukken et al.,2003). At present, both tests require laboratory analysis and are not routinely performed on individual cows throughout lactation.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Pryor SM and Smolenski GA and Wieleczko RJ and Broadhurst and Stelwagen K and Wheeler TT and Haigh BJ}
}
@conference {41781,
	title = {Expression of innate immune response genes in mammary epithelia following stimulation of lipopolysaccharide or Escherichia coli},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {68},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {31-32},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Brisbane, Australia},
	abstract = {The innate immune system is essential for keeping the bovine mammary gland disease free. A number of innate immune response genes are expressed in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMEC), suggesting it contributes to defence against pathogens (Rainard \& Riollet, 2006). These responses may play a key role in determining susceptibility to mastitis. The aim of this project was to investigate the expression in bMEC of specific innate immune genes in response to Escherichia coli ...Continued },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Stockum C and Haigh BJ and Meyer HHD and Bruckmaier RM and Wheeler TT and Singh K}
}
@conference {42018,
	title = {Regulation of milk protein synthesis in the bovine mammary gland : A proteomic approach},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {67},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {407-412},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Wanaka},
	abstract = {The molecular mechanisms that regulate milk protein synthesis in the dairy cow are not well understood. We used a proteomic approach to identify potential regulators of milk protein synthesis among the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins. Mammary tissue was collected from mid-lactation dairy cows treated with atropine (Atr; decreased milk production), growthhormone (GH; increased milk production) or vehicle alone. Fractions enriched for ER associated proteins were prepared by differential centrifugation and then resolved by 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Proteins were visualised using colloidal coomassie G-250 and the phosphor-protein specific stain, Pro-Q Diamond. We identified 4 significant (P<0.05) and 9 marginally significant (P<0.15) spots that were differentially expressed between treatment groups. Six spots were subjected to LTQ ion trap tandem mass spectrometry and 2 proteins were identified with a high level of confidence: major vault protein (MVP) (27\% of the control level after GH treatment, P<0.05), and heat shock 70Kda protein 8 (HSPA8) (41\% of the control level after Atr treatment, P <0.01). Western blotting showed a 24\% decrease in HSPA8 following Atr treatment (P<0.10) and a 55\% decrease in MVP following GH treatment (P<0.10). These results provide a focus for further investigation of the role of MVP and HSPA8 in influencing milk production.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Smolenski G and Bond JJ and Wheeler TT and Roy NC and McNabb WC and McCoard SA}
}
@conference {41457,
	title = {Northern analysis of temporal and spatial variation in milk protein expression during early mammary involution in dairy cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {64},
	year = {2004},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {5-7},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {Understanding the mammary responses that occur at the cessation of milking whether natural, forced, or which occur at the end of the milking season and during the subsequent initiation of mammary involution (Holst et al., 1987; Hurley, 1989) has relevance in milk production traits such as milk yield, persistency and extended milking intervals and may suggest ways of improving milk production in later lactation (Stelwagen, 2001) (Vetharaniam et al., 2003).  The proportions of secretory, support and milk storage components vary significantly between the alveolar (main milk synthesis), peripheral (a several cm thick layer of secretory tissue surrounding the main alveolar bed) and cisternal (main milk storage area adjoining the teats) compartments of the udder (Farr et al., 1996; Sordillo and Nickerson, 1988; Weber, 1977). In addition, variations in the local proportions of these components has also been observed in the main alveolar areas and dramatic variations of gene expression depending on the local mammary tissue composition have been observed (Molenaar et al., 1992). Ignorance of the effect on gene expression profiles resulting from sampling variations could lead to improper interpretation of experimental results and hence there is a need for more extensive spatial and temporal surveys to be done. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Molenaar AJ and Farr VC and Oden KE and Wheeler TT and McMahon CD and Good LL and Stelwagen K and Singh K and Davis SR}
}
@conference {41215,
	title = {Rumen foam stability in cattle selected for low or high bloat susceptibility},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {60},
	year = {2000},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {277-280},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Hamilton},
	abstract = {A simplified method to measure foam volume (V infinity) and stability (1/k2) was used to investigate the influence of saliva on foam properties and its relationship to bloat susceptibility. Significant differences in V infinity and 1/k2 were observed between samples of rumen fluid (within-sample CVs were 9\% and 18\%, while between sample CVs were 57\% and 70\% for V infinity and 1/k2, respectively). Mixing bovine saliva with rumen fluid or diluted clover juice resulted in a large increase in V infinity and 1/k2 (4.6- and 7.8-fold, respectively). This effect was strongly synergistic as saliva alone produced essentially no foam. The assay was used to quantify the efficacy of a paraffin-based anti-bloat drench (V infinity and 1/k2 were decreased by up to 4-fold and 6-fold, respectively). Saliva from non-bloating cattle, four each from herds bred for low- or high-bloat susceptibility, was measured for the effect on the foam parameters of a rumen fluid sample. No significant differences due to herd-of-origin were observed. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Hurd SA and Wheeler TT and Morris CA}
}
@conference {40972,
	title = {Current status of a candidate gene marker for bloat susceptibility in cattle},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {58},
	year = {1998},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {10-12},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {Pasture bloat costs New Zealand{\textquoteleft}s dairy industry at least $25M annually. We have previously shown that a salivary protein is increased in abundance in saliva from cattle that have been selected for low susceptibility to bloat compared with those selected for high susceptibility. We have now obtained the cDNA sequence for two closely related forms of this protein, which we term bSP30a and bSP30b. These share 83\% sequence identity at the amino acid level, but at best only 28-30\% homology with salivary proteins from other species. Analysis of genomic DNA by PCR suggests that the two forms of bSP30 are coded on two separate genes. However, the function of bSP30 and how it might influence susceptibility to bloat remains as yet unknown. },
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Wheeler TT and Haigh BJ and Wilkins RJ and McCracken JY and Morris CA}
}
@conference {40781,
	title = {Brief Communication: Binding of nuclear proteins to the bovine alpha- lactalbumin gene promoter},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {56},
	year = {1996},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {68-70},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {The production of milk during lactation requires tran-scriptional activation of milk protein genes. This is facili-tated by the binding of nuclear factors to the gene promoter. The DNA binding activity of some of these factors appears to be controlled by lactogenic hormones, although many aspects of this process are not understood. Determining the precise molecular mechanism of transcriptional control and which nuclear factors are involved will facilitate the manipulation of milk composition. Recently, a transcrip-tion factor called Stat5 has been shown to be required for the activation of the rat β-casein gene (Schmitt-Ney et al., 1991), the sheep β-lactoglobulin gene (Burdon et al.,1994) and the rat whey acidic protein gene (Li and Rosen, 1995). This protein is activated during late pregnancy and through-out lactation in the mammary gland of mice (Schmitt-Ney et al.,1992). We have used the Stat5 DNA recognition sequence in this study to investigate the activity of Stat5 in the bovine mammary gland.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Kuys YM and Snell RG and Wheeler TT}
}
@conference {40476,
	title = {An appraisal of the utility of primary cell culture from sheep udders to investigate the control of mammary function},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {53},
	year = {1993},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {151-154},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	abstract = {No abstract supplied.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Wheeler TT and Callaghan MR and Davis SR and Wilkins RJ}
}
