@conference {75884,
	title = {Are high breeding worth index cows more feed conversion efficient and nitrogen use efficient?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {109-113},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Invercargill},
	abstract = {Future dairy farming in New Zealand will require increases in milksolids production and reduced impact on the environment. Cows which are more feed conversion efficient (FCE) and nitrogen use efficient (NUE) will help achieve these targets. In March 2010, eight High breeding worth (BW = 198), High production worth (PW = 319) and eight Low BW (57) PW (10) cows were housed in metabolism stalls and fed low quality perennial ryegrass-based herbage (metabolisable energy = 9.87 MJ/kg DM; crude protein = 15.2 g/100g DM). High BW cows had higher dry matter intakes (DMI) (16.0 vs 14.8 kg DM/cow/d, P <0.05) and produced more milksolids (1.32 vs 1.03 kg MS/cow/d, P <0.001). Due to their higher DMI, the High BW cows also had a higher feed N intake than the Low BW cows (388 vs 360 g N/cow/d, P <0.05), and partitioned more of their intake N to milk (22.0 vs 18.5 \%, P <0.01) and less to urine (39.7 vs 46.2\%, P <0.01). Overall, the High BW cows were more FCE (82.7 vs 70.2 g MS/kg DMI, P <0.01) and more NUE (22.0 vs 18.5 \%, P <0.01) when fed low quality herbage in late lactation.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Woodward SL and Waghorn GC and Bryant MA and Mandok K}
}
@conference {75865,
	title = {The effect of carbohydrate type on milk and milk component yields in early lactation dairy cows},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2011},
	month = {Jan},
	pages = {23-27},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Invercargill},
	abstract = {Providing additional energy to dairy cows in early lactation can increase energy intake, and improve production; however, different energy types may elicit different types of responses. The current study assessed the effect of supplementary feeding of starch, fibre, or sugar on milk and milk component yield. Sixty-eight dairy cows, due to calve over a 21-day period, were randomly assigned to one of four treatments at parturition (n = 17). Treatments consisted of a pasture-only control and pasture with starch, fibre or sugar based supplements. Supplements were formulated using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System v6.1 and fed at an isoenergetic rate to supply sufficient metabolisable energy and protein to support a target of 30 kg of potential milk production, assuming cows would consume 13 kg of pasture DM/day; 11 MJ ME/kg DM. The study ran for eight weeks, and data were analysed on a week of lactation basis. Relative to the control, milk and milk protein yields were higher for the starch- and fibre-based supplements, but similar for the sugar (P <0.01). Protein yields were highest in cows supplemented with starch (P <0.001), while fat yields were numerically highest in cows supplemented with fibre. These data confirm that the form of carbohydrate fed affects the types of responses seen when supplementing concentrates in early lactation.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Higgs RJ and Sheahan AJ and Mandok K and Roche JR}
}
@conference {69469,
	title = {Asssociation among hormones and metabolites during the transition period and early lactation milk production},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	volume = {70},
	year = {2010},
	month = {Jun},
	pages = {51-56},
	publisher = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	organization = {New Zealand Society of Animal Production},
	address = {Palmerston North},
	abstract = {The transition period is loosely defined as the period from three weeks pre-calving to three weeks post calving, and is regarded as a very important determinant of a cow{\textquoteright}s lactation performance. Data were collated from three experiments in which blood was sampled repeatedly pre- and post-calving and milk production was recorded post-calving. Data were pooled within treatment and associations between blood hormones and metabolites, and milk production determined using regression analysis. Milk and milk solids (MS) yield were positively associated (P <0.05) with pre-calving plasma leptin and glucose concentrations and milk yield was negatively associated (P <0.05) with pre-calving non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and β-hydroxy butyrate concentrations. Milk yield was negatively associated (P <0.05) with plasma growth hormone, aspartate aminotransferase, and glutamate dehydrogenase concentrations in the first days of lactation, and with insulin like growth factor and glucose concentrations during the first five weeks post-calving. In comparison, plasma NEFA and albumin (ALB) concentrations post-calving and the ratio of NEFA to ALB were all positively associated (P <0.05) with milk and MS yield during the first five weeks of lactation. Data are consistent with a positive effect of calving body condition on milk production and an increased milk production with increasing condition score loss post-calving.},
	issn = {1176-5283},
	author = {Edwards P and Mandok K and Lee JM and Burke CR and Kolver ES and Roche JR}
}
